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急性咽炎病因及临床表现

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-12-05 02:17:45 | www.chinesejk.com

  急性咽炎是咽粘膜、粘膜下组织和淋巴组织的急性炎症。

  病因:

  (1)病毒传染:通过飞沫和密切接触而传染,以柯萨奇病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒最多。

  (2)细菌感染:以链球菌、葡萄球菌和肺炎双球菌为主。

  (3)物理化学因素:如高温粉尘、烟雾、刺激性气体等。

  (4)体质和遗传因素。

  临床表现:起病急,初起时咽部干燥,灼热;继而疼痛,吞咽唾液时咽痛往往比进食时更为明显;可伴发热,头痛,食欲不振和四肢酸痛;侵及喉部,可伴声嘶和咳嗽。

  口咽及鼻咽粘膜呈急性充血,腭弓、悬壅垂水肿,咽后壁淋巴滤泡和咽侧索也见红肿,间或在淋巴滤泡中央出现黄白色点状渗出物;颌下淋巴结肿大并有压痛,重者可累及会厌及杓会厌襞,发生水肿。

(编辑:文莱 )

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