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小儿缺铁性贫血输血治疗

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-10-13 13:26:58 | www.chinesejk.com
由于发病缓慢,机体代偿能力强,一般不需要输血。理度贫血或合并严重感染或急需外科手术者,才是输血的适应证。对于血红蛋白的30g/L以下者,应立即进行输血,但必须采取少量多次的方法,或输入浓缩的红细胞,每次2~3ml/kg。输血速度过快、量过大,可引致心力衰竭。若心力衰竭严重,可用换血法,以浓缩的红细胞代替全血,一般不需要洋在黄治疗。
  治疗后的反应 服用铁剂12~24小时后,细胞内含铁的酶开始恢复,首先出现临床症状好转,烦躁等精神症状减轻,食欲增进。36~48小时后,骨髓出现红细胞系统增生现象。网织红细胞于用药48~72小时后开支上长,4~11日达高峰。此时血红蛋白迅速上升,一般于治疗3~4周后贫血被纠正。心脏杂音于2~3周后减轻或消失,脾脏逐渐缩小。用药1~3月,储存铁达到正常值。

(编辑:小鱼 )

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