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急性阑尾炎的诊疗

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-08-16 17:11:22 | www.chinesejk.com

  阑尾炎是小儿腹部外科中最常见的的疾病,居小儿急腹症之首位。

  阑尾炎可发生于各年龄组,发病年龄高峰为6岁—10岁,5岁以下明显减少,小于1岁者仅占1%,新生儿罕见。依病程进展分为五期,即单纯期、局限性腹膜炎期、弥漫性腹膜炎期、浸润期及脓肿形成期。临床表现腹痛、呕吐、发热、腹泻。查体右下腹固定压痛为诊断阑尾炎的可靠依据,辅助检查白细胞增高和中性粒细胞增多。

  腹腔穿刺 穿刺液可为脓性,超声检查阑尾周围浸润或阑尾脓肿形成时,探及边界清楚或欠清楚的肿块。不论何种类型的小儿急性阑尾炎原则上均应早期施行阑尾切除术。常用的术式仍为传统的开腹阑尾切除术,对于肥胖儿、女孩、炎症局限者、诊断不明确者也可采用腹腔镜阑尾切除术。结合抗生素联合应用。病程在年长儿超过3天、婴幼儿超过5天、可触及腹部包块者宜保守治疗,积极抗炎。炎症消退后3-6个月,可择期施行阑尾切除术。

(编辑:小鱼 )

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