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鱼鳞病的概述与分类!

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-03-01 10:26:46 | www.chinesejk.com

  鱼鳞病概述:

  鱼鳞病,是一种常见的遗传性皮肤角化病,旧称鱼鳞癣,中医称蛇皮癣。主要表现为四肢伸侧或躯干部皮肤乾燥、粗糙,伴有菱形或多角形鳞屑,外观如鱼鳞状或蛇皮状,因遗传方式不同,可分为常染色体显性遗传寻常性鱼鳞病、性联遗传寻常性鱼鳞病、先天性鱼鳞病样红皮病及板层状鱼鳞病。

鱼鳞病按症状和体征可分四型:

  1.显性寻常型鱼鳞病

  (1)出生后3月-5岁之间发病;

  (2)皮肤乾燥、上覆灰白色至淡棕色菱形或多角形鳞屑,周边翘起,中央紧贴皮肤;

  (3)主要分布在四肢伸侧、背部;

  2.性联寻常型鱼鳞病

  (1)出生后3个月内发病,仅男性受累;

  (2)皮肤乾燥粗厚,上覆大而深棕色鳞屑,冬重夏轻。随年龄增长,损害不变,甚至加剧;

  (3)皮损分布全身,以头面、侧面、耳前、颈受累最重。屈侧常被累及。

  3.先天性鱼鳞病样红皮病

  (1)出生时全身即有铠甲样多层鳞屑,脱落后出现粗糙湿润面,可有松弛性大胞;

  (2)严重者手足呈爪形;

  (3)常染色体显性遗传。

  4.层板状鱼鳞病

  (1)婴儿全身生后为一层广泛火棉胶状膜紧紧包裹,数日后该膜脱落,皮肤广泛潮红,上有大片多角鳞屑,中央粘着,边缘游离;

  (2)掌蹠角化过度,指甲及毛发过度生长;

  (3)2/3患者有睑外翻。

(编辑:小米 )

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