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百日咳的临床特点及传播途径

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-01-04 10:09:03 | www.chinesejk.com

  百日咳是由百日咳嗜血杆菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病,传染性很强。

  百日咳临床特征为咳嗽逐渐加重,渐呈阵发性痉挛性咳嗽,咳毕有鸡啼声,病程延续2--3个月。婴儿及重症常并发肺炎及百日咳脑病。

  本菌含内毒素和外毒素,在人体外生存力很弱,易被55℃(30分钟),紫外线或日光直接照射所杀灭。本菌存在于患者呼吸道和鼻咽分泌物中;应尽早取标本,以利取得阳性结果。

   患者为传染源,在潜伏期末,卡他期和痉咳早期传染性最强,其传染期约 1个半月,患者咳嗽及喷嚏飞沫经呼吸道传播,是主要途径。


(编辑:小珊 )

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