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胆道出血的诊断

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-08-01 10:44:23 | www.chinesejk.com

  1.病史与症状

  有胆道感染、肝胆手术(外伤)和出血性疾病史。①发热寒战、黄疸和上腹绞痛后出现呕血、黑便,伴肩背部放射痛。②出血可自行停止,出血后上述症状即可缓解。③出血一周左右发作一次,反复出现,具有周期性。④出血时可有失血性休克的一系列征象。

  2.体征

  ①具有休克征。②贫血貌和皮肤巩膜黄染。③上腹压痛、肌紧张。肝脏、胆囊肿大有触痛。④肠鸣活跃。

  3.辅助检查

  ①红细胞、血红蛋白下降,白细胞及中性粒细胞数升高,大便潜血阳性。有梗阻性黄疸的表现。②B型超声示肝内有血肿液性暗区。③核素198金扫描示肝内占位性病变。④纤维内窥镜有时可见胆道出血,结合钡餐检查可排除溃疡病、食道曲张静脉破裂出血。⑤选择性肝动脉造影可发现出血部位;CT检查可见占位性病变;PTC、ERCP有时可协助诊断。

(编辑:刘一鸣 )

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