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如何处理急性会厌炎

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-23 22:46:31 | www.chinesejk.com

  病人应卧床休息,禁止说话,多喝饮料,吃流质或半流质。咽痛明显尤其是吞咽时加重,不要拒绝进食,疼痛剧烈者,可先向咽部喷少许的卡因进行表面麻醉后再进食。食物应选择营养丰富的全流或半流饮食,不可进粗硬及刺激性食物。由于炎症的影响,口腔机械自洁作用障碍,炎性分泌物排泄到口腔,坏死上皮脱落,食物残渣滞留及咽部疼痛不愿进食等诸多因素致口腔不洁加重,用口炎灵漱口液含漱6次/日,既可减轻口腔异味,又可促进伤口愈合。

  如处理及时、正确大多数患者能在1周内治愈。治疗通常以保持呼吸通畅及抗感染为原则,类固醇激素和足量抗生素联合应用,皮质类固醇激素可促进粘膜充血肿胀的吸收,同时又有非特异性抗炎、抗过敏、抗休克及降温作用,还能迅速有效地减轻呼吸困难,胸闷、气急、喘鸣等症状明显改善,可避免气管切开术。急性会厌炎可引起喉梗阻、窒息死亡等严重并发症,应注意呼吸情况,如有呼吸道阻塞时,则应及时作气管切开进行抢救。为了预防急性会厌炎的发生,平时多作蒸气吸入,简易的方法是张口对一大杯煮沸的开水(或热茶)作多次深吸气动作,使热蒸气直达喉内,每日3~4次,加强锻炼,增强机体抵抗力。

(编辑:文莱 )

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