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肝损伤的治疗原则

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-23 17:48:19 | www.chinesejk.com

  肝裂伤的诊断明确后应争取早期手术治疗,伤员大多有内出血和出血性休克,有些还合并其他脏器损伤。术前抗休克处理很重要,可以损高伤员对麻醉和手术的耐受性。首先应建立可靠有效的输血途径,选择上腔静脉分支作为输血途径较为适宜,因有些外伤合并下腔静脉裂伤,从下肢输血可能受阻或外漏,达不到补充血容量的效果。有些严重肝外伤合并大血管破裂,出血量大,虽经积极快速大量输血仍未能使血压回升和稳定。此时应当机立断,在加紧抗休克治疗的同时进行剖腹,控制活动性出血,休克好转再作进一步下列手术处理。

  肝外伤的手术处理原则是彻底止血、清除失去活力的碎裂肝组织和安置腹腔引流以防止继发感染。止血是处理肝外伤的关键,能否有效地控制出血直接影响肝外伤的死亡率。已失去活力的碎裂肝组织将坏死分解,聚积的血和胆汁都最终都会继发感染而形成腹腔脓肿。

(编辑:刘一鸣 )

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