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创伤性气胸应该如何进行治疗

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-22 10:32:53 | www.chinesejk.com

  创伤性气胸亦称开放性气胸:

  根据病人当时所处现场的条件,自救或互救,尽快封闭胸壁创口,变开放性气胸为闭合性气胸。可用大型急救包,多层清洁布块或厚纱布垫,在伤员深呼气末敷盖创口并包扎固定。如有大块凡林纱布或无菌塑料布则更为合用。要求封闭敷料够厚以避免漏气,但不能往创口内填塞;范围应超过创缘5厘米以上;包扎固定牢靠。在伤员转送途中要密切注意敷料有无松动及滑脱,不能随便更换,并时刻警惕张力性气胸的发生。病人到达医院后首先给予输血、补液和吸氧等治疗,纠正呼吸和循环功能紊乱,同时进一步检查和弄清伤情。待全身情况改善后,尽早在气管插管麻醉下进行清创术并安放胸腔闭式引流。清创既要彻底,又要尽量保留健康组织,胸膜腔闭合要严密。若胸壁缺损过大,可用转移肌瓣和转移皮瓣来修补。如果有肺、支气管、心脏和血管等胸内脏器的严重损伤,应尽早剖胸探查处理。

(编辑:小珊 )

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