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如何诊断急性肺脓肿

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-22 09:43:55 | www.chinesejk.com

  [病因病理]

  肺脓肿是由化脓菌所引起的化脓、坏死性炎性疾病,导致肺脓肿的致病菌很多,常见的有葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎双球菌和梭形杆菌等。诱发肺脓肿的原因很多,可为吸入性、血源性、外伤性和邻近器官直接蔓延。

  急性肺脓肿的病理改变包括早期的化脓性炎症实变阶段和稍后期的肺组织坏死、液化而形成空洞阶段。炎症实变期,肺泡腔内可见大量中性白细胞渗出液、脓细胞和细菌,以后肺泡、呼吸支气管及细支气管发生坏死、液化。坏死、液化物经支气管排出而形成脓腔。

  [临床表现]

  起病多急剧,初期多有高热、寒战、咳嗽、胸痛和血白细胞增高,以后咳嗽逐步加剧,痰量多,浓而粘稠,有臭味,脓痰静止后可有分层现象,典型的分为3层。一般3个月内的脓肿属急性肺脓肿。

(编辑:小珊 )

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